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Objective:To explore the normal ranges of perfusion parameters between cerebral hemisphere, cerebellar hemisphere and brain anatomical subregions (56 pairs) in different gender and age groups with multiple post labeling delay time (Multi-PLD) arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging.Methods:From November 2020 to December 2020, 42 healthy adult volunteers (Male 25, Female 17) were recruited to perform 7 PLD ASL imaging, including 21 young adults (15 males and 6 females, aged 23—35 years) and 21 seniors (10 males and 11 females, aged 36—74 years). The data was processed offline by Cereflow software to obtain arterial arrival time (ATT) and corrected cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) perfusion parameters. SimpleITK standardization function was used to standardize the calculated perfusion image according to the anatomical automatic labeling (AAL) template. Therefore, CBF, ATT, CBV perfusion values of brain subregions were obtained. Paired samples t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, independent samples t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the differences of perfusion parameters in the cerebral hemisphere, the cerebellar hemisphere, brain subregions depending on side, gender and age. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlations of perfusion parameters with age. Results:CBF in 62.5% (35/56) subregions and CBV in 44.6% (25/56) subregions were higher in right side than those in left side. ATT in most brain anatomical subregions (16/56) were higher in left side. The CBF [(35.30±8.31) vs. (34.34±7.53) ml·100g -1·min -1, P=0.021], CBV [(0.47±0.11) vs. (0.45±0.09) ml/100g, P<0.001], ATT [(1.30±0.10) vs. (1.24±0.11) s, P<0.001] in left cerebellar hemisphere were higher than that of right side. The CBF (28/56) of cerebral hemisphere, cerebellar hemisphere and brain subregions was higher in females than that in males, while ATT in 83.9% (47/56) subregions was lower than that in males (all P<0.05). CBV in female subjects was higher only in 5 brain regions (superior occipital gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, superior parietal gyrus and cerebelum_7b) (all P<0.05). In young subjects, CBF in 44.6% (25/56) subregions and CBV in 33.9% (19/56) subregions were higher than those in the senior group (all P<0.05). The ATT in most subregions in young group were lower than those in senior group, but the difference was statistically significant only in rectus gyrus ( P=0.026) and paracentral lobule ( P=0.006). The CBF ( r=-0.430, P=0.005) and CBV ( r=-0.327, P=0.035) of cerebral hemisphere were negatively correlated with age. The CBF (24/25, r range:-0.497 —-0.343, all P<0.05) and CBV (16/19, r range:-0.474 —-0.322, all P<0.05) in most subregions were negatively correlated with age, while ATT was positively correlated (gyrus rectus: r=0.311, P=0.045; paracentral lobule: r=0.392, P=0.010). Conclusions:Multi-PLD ASL imaging could be applied for quantitative analysis of brain perfusion. The perfusion parameters of anatomical subregions are different depending on side, gender, and age.
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Objective:To investigate the application value of magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) automatic fiber quantification (AFQ) in the diagnosis and prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:Clinical and MR data of 21 patients with AD (AD group) and 33 normal controls (NC group) were collected.AFQ software was used to analyze DTI data, track 20 white matter fiber bundles in the brain, and compare the differences of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) value of each bundle between groups.Each fiber bundle was divided into 100 equal parts along the direction of travel, and the FA or MD value of each part was taken as a characteristic.Screening the characteristics with statistic differences between groups for classification of AD and NC by support vector machine (SVM) with leave one method for cross validation.Classification effectiveness was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:Eleven (left/right anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), left/right corticospinal tract (CST), genu of corpus callosum (CC Genu), right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), left/right uncinated fasciculus (UF), and left/right arcuate fasciculus (AF)) of the 20 fiber bundles were successfully tracked in all subjects.Compared with NC group, the FA values of 2 fiber bundles (left/right UF) in AD group were significantly decreased( t=-2.532, -2.391, both P<0.05), and the MD values of 7 fiber bundles (left ATR, left/right CST, right ILF, left/right UF, and left AF) were significantly increased ( t=2.569, 2.411, 2.108, 2.357, 3.773, 3.796, 3.492, all P<0.05). Among the 2 200 characteristics of 11 fiber bundles, 412 classification characteristics with inter-group differences were selected.Among which, 78 FA characteristics were distributed in 7 fiber bundles (left ATR, left/right CST, CC Genu, right ILF, left/right UF), and 334 MD characteristics were distributed in 9 fiber tracts (left/right ATR, left/right CST, CC Genu, right ILF, left/right UF, and left AF). The accuracy of SVM classification was 85.19%, sensitivity was 80.95%, specificity was 87.88%, and area under ROC curve was 0.894 7. Conclusion:AFQ analysis based on DTI has a high application value in the diagnosis and prediction of AD.
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Objective To discuss the efficacy and complications of using AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy in treating acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Methods The clinical data of 22 patients with acute lower extremity DVT,who were treated with AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy during the period from February 2015 to August 2016,were retrospectively analyzed.The improvement of clinical symptoms and the thrombus clearance rate were calculated to evaluate the curative effect.The procedure-related complications were documented.Results The clinical symptoms were relieved immediately after operation in all 22 patients.The thigh circumference difference between the affected side and the healthy side decreased from preoperative (4.5±0.6) cm to postoperative (1.0±0.4) cm,the difference in change was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The mean used dose of urokinase was (0.18±0.03) million unit and the average duration of thrombolysis was (4.2±0.7) hours.Complete removal of DVT (＞90％) was achieved in 19 patients,most removal of DVT (50％-90％) in 2 patients,and partial removal of DVT (＜50％) in one patient.After treatment,6 patients developed transient hemoglobinuria,which was relieved after hydration with fluid infusion on the same day.No serious complications such as pulmonary embolism or hemorrhage occurred.Conclusion For the treatment of acute lower extremity DVT,AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy is safe and effective with less complications.
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Objective To investigate the change trend of erythrocyte distribution width (RDW) and prothrombin time (PT) in patients with different degrees of hepatic injury and its clinical significance .Methods A total of 100 inpatients with hepatitis B (HB group) ,100 patients with liver cirrhosis (cirrhosis group) and 50 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) asso-ciated with HBV (liver cancer group) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2014 to June 2015 were selected .The peripheral blood RDW and the average volume of erythrocytes (MCV) of all the subjects were detected by Sysmex XE-2100 automatic hematology analyzer .The PT was measured by Stago Rack Evolutio automatic coagulation analyzer and compared .Results There was no significant difference in RDW between the cirrhosis group and the HCC group (P=0 .099) ,and the difference between the other groups was statistically significant (P<0 .01) .As the disease progressed ,the RDW gradually in-creased .There was no significant difference in MCV comparison among all groups (P>0 .05) .There was no significant difference in PT between the HB group and the cirrhosis group (P=0 .234) ,and the difference between the other groups was statistically signif-icant (P<0 .01) .As the disease progressed ,PT gradually increased .Conclusion The increase of RDW and PT are related to the severity of liver injury .RDW may be an index to predict the degree of liver injury in patients .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the association of rs216293 T/G and rs1063857 T/C polymorphisms of von Willebrand factor (vWF) gene with the morbidity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the number of involved vessels among an ethnic Han Chinese population from Zhejiang province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was conducted. For 246 patients and 156 unaffected controls, the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of the rs216293T/G and rs1063857T/C polymorphisms were determined, and their association with CAD and the numbers of involved vessels were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of G allele of rs216293 and C allele of rs1063857 were higher in the CAD patients compared with those of the controls (30.3% vs.23.7%, chi-square=4.107, P=0.043; 7.7% vs. 4.2%, chi-square=4.066, P=0.044). The G allele of the rs216293 polymorphism and C allele of the rs1063857 polymorphism were both higher in the CAD patients compared with the controls (53.7% vs.41.0%, chi-square=6.098, P=0.014; 15.4% vs. 8.3%, chi-square=4.361, P=0.037). After adjusting the influence factors by logistic regression analysis, the G allele carriers of rs216293 and the C allele carriers of rs1063857 showed an increased risk for CAD (OR=1.625, 95%CI: 1.060-2.492, P=0.026; OR=2.305, 95% CI: 1.142-4.654, P=0.040). No significant difference was detected in the frequency of both rs216293 and rs1063857 among patients with single or multiple vessels (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The rs216293T/G and rs1063857T/C polymorphisms of the vWF gene are both associated with the risk for CAD among the selected population. The G allele of the rs216293 polymorphism and C allele of the rs1063857 polymorphism may be the genetic determinants for CAD.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Asian People , Genetics , Case-Control Studies , China , Epidemiology , Ethnology , Coronary Artery Disease , Epidemiology , Ethnology , Genetics , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Ethnology , Genotype , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Risk Factors , von Willebrand Factor , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intraluminal implantation of 125I seeds strand combined with stent placement in treating malignant biliary obstruction. Methods During the period from June 2009 to June 2013, a total of 68 patients with malignant biliary obstruction were admitted to Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital. Interventional management was carried out in all patients. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 68 patients, intraluminal implantation of 125I seeds strand combined with simultaneous stent placement was performed in 41 (combination therapy group) and only stent placement was employed in 27 (conventional therapy group). The survival time, the improvement of obstructive jaundice, recurrence of jaundice and procedure-related adverse events were recorded, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results Implantation of 125I seeds strand and stent placement were successfully accomplished in all patients. Statistically significant differences in serum bilirubin levels, which were separately determined at 7 days and 14 days after the treatment, existed between the two groups (P<0.05). No obvious marrow depression was observed in the combination therapy group. The median survival time of the conventional therapy group and the combination therapy group was 123 days and 215 days respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion For the treatment of malignant biliary obstruction, combination use of intraluminal brachytherapy and stent placement is clinically more safe and effective than conventional pure stent placement therapy.
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A method was developed for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) in water by HPLC coupled with online solid phase extraction ( online SPE ) . After filtered, 1 mL of a water sample was injected directly, and then trapped on the SPE column ( Acclaim PAⅡ, 50 mm × 4. 6 mm, 3 μm) for extraction and purification; finally, the trapped analytes were transferred to the analytical column (Hypersil Green PAH, 150 mm × 3 mm, 3 μm) for the separation using valve-switching technique. The mobile phase used for online SPE was water/acetonitrile at different flow rate ( 0 . 4 and 0 . 6 mL/min ) in gradient elution mode;and that used for the separation was water/acetonitrile at 0. 8 mL/min flow rate. UV wavelength was set at 254 nm for the determination of naphthalene and acenaphthylene with no/very weak fluorescent response;fluorescence detection using programmed wavelength switching in three parallel channels was used for the other PAHs. The whole analysis process including online SPE and separation was completed within 32 min. The relative standard deviation ( RSD) of 20 PAHs were all less than 0. 16% for retention time, and less than 1. 3% for peak area (n=7). The peak area had a good linearity with the sample concentration in three orders of magnitude with correlation coefficients of above 0 . 9910 . The recoveries for 0 . 05 μg/L of each analyte in tap water were in the range of 57%-140%, and for 5 . 0 μg/L of each analyte were in the range of 85%-116%. The limits of detection of the method were less than 0 . 05 μg/L ( S/N=3 ) for most PAHs.